13C Class of compounds

Introduction

The properties of an organic molecule are determined largely by the reactive part of the molecule. This reactive part is called functional group. Compounds with the same function group

Organic compounds can be classified based on active part in the compounds. The active part is called the functional group.

Hydrocarbons: alkanes and alkenes

Alkanes and alkenes are hydrocarbons, i.e. they only contain hydrogens and carbons. Alkanes only contain single carbon – carbon bond, while alkenes contain at least one double carbon – carbon bond.

Halogenoalkanes and alcohols

In halogenoalkanes

Aldehydes and ketones

Both aldehydes and ketones contain carbonyls. In an aldehyde, the carbonyl is at the end of the carbon chain, while in a ketone, the carbonyl is never at the end of the carbon chain.

Carboxylic acids and esters

Carboxylic acids and esters have the same general formula, C_nH_2nO₂, but different functional groups.

Amines and nitriles

Both amines and nitriles contain nitrogens.

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